Sherlock Holmes A Scandal in Bohemia Essays

Sherlock Holmes A Scandal in Bohemia Essays Sherlock Holmes A Scandal in Bohemia Paper Sherlock Holmes A Scandal in Bohemia Paper Present day perusers would appreciate Sherlock Holmes in light of the end results toward the finish of every story. In the account of A Scandal in Bohemia, Holmes uncovers all to Watson and how he was uncovered by a lady and that he himself found the image that the King of Bohemia so urgently needed back. This isn't anyway the main explanation regarding why current perusers would appreciate the di nouements, the way Conan-Doyle clarifies each di nouement with effortlessness however yet in a compelling way. In the event that this was not anyway the circumstance and Conan-Doyle never presented the di nouement, at that point the perusers could never discover the consummation as Holmes never parts with it during the story. The utilization of the di nouement develops tension and energy as you realize that soon enough the plot will be disentangled and the splendid manner by which Holmes understands the wrongdoing will be uncovered. My penultimate point is the means by which Holmes understood the violations in task and what techniques he used to do it in. Holmes shows this consummately in The Speckled Band, when he and Dr Watson inspect the presumed room and afterward sit in the neglected house and hold up until night has fallen. During the night the two of them go into the speculated room and see the snake sent by Dr Grimesby Roylott which prompted the passing of his own stepdaughter. This is actually what Holmes thought would occur. In all the violations he explains he is continually ready to overstep the law, by either intruding on private land or taking care of illicit guns or in any event, consuming medications, for example, cocaine. This demonstrates his assurance to illuminate the specific wrongdoing close by and shows that he will go to any level to do this, and gives the peruser understanding into how Holmes fabulous and confused brain functions all through the narratives. The finishing up part to this article shows the detail that Conan-Doyle uses to depict the every day life of Holmes and furthermore gives incredible knowledge into the period detail, for example, general life in London and the open vehicle accessible around then. The broad detail that Conan Doyle uses to depict life in London and the vehicle accessible ends up being an absolute differentiation from what cutting edge life in London resembles. It is additionally intriguing finding out pretty much the entirety of the various clubs and sanctums accessible around then to join, for instance Opium Dens and Gentleman Clubs. The job of ladies found in Sherlock Holmes was normal of that time, as ladies were a lot of subordinate to men; anyway Conan Doyle makes a character absolved from this speculation, called Irene Adler. A cutting edge peruser would appreciate this insight concerning London as it gives them knowledge about how London worked more than one hundred years back. It additionally remarks on day by day life for the two people and what there was for the working and high society to appreciate. The characters of Holmes and Watson end up being if not the best wrongdoing comprehending pair ever to of arrived at our own one of a kind eyes. Recorded as a hard copy about Holmes and Watson, Conan Doyle made a model which has propelled numerous advanced journalists, for example, the scandalous pair Batman and his sidekick Robin and all the more as of late, Jonathan Creek and his associate Madeline. This shows the ageless idea of Holmes and Watson as they despite everything exhibit to be the first wrongdoing illuminating group and in my eyes truly outstanding around.

Challenges in Cyber Security for Business in Australian IT Companies

Question: Examine About the Cyber Security for Business in Australian IT? Answer: Presentation With the expanding utilization of advancements like Internet of Things, Cloud, and Big Data, even the basic foundation of organizations is presented to dangers. The worldwide web infiltration today is assessed to be 3.4 billion. The reliance on innovation is expanding in Australian IT organizations as is expanding the danger of security dangers that the frameworks of these organizations face. These dangers incorporate recognize burglary, Botnet assaults, deliver product assaults, information control, digital fighting, and then some( Commonwealth of Australia, 2015). In this exploration, the security challenges that are looked by the Australian IT organizations would be concentrated so as to comprehend their effects on organizations just as to distinguish security arrangements or alleviation techniques that can help conquer these difficulties in IT organizations. The examination utilizes both optional and essential examination on the security dangers and arrangements. Point and Motivation Digital security occurrences in Australian associations including wholesale fraud, information robbery, and cheats have expanded in recent years which have influenced the picture of the brands in the nation. Along these lines, digital security has become a national need of Australian government. The national misfortunes in Australia that have happened due to digital security dangers make up 1% of its GDP which is over $17 billion dollars for every year. The administration has figured a digital security technique to make Australia a sheltered spot for business. The security technique targets cleaning of digital framework, solid punishments for digital crooks, and responsibility of CEOs to security, diminished disturbance it benefits due to digital dangers, and expanded certainty of shoppers in digital space(Cisco, 2013). In the Australian IT associations, keeping up security is the internet is a major territory of concern. 6.2% of the information Espionage which is a focused on assault well known with digital lawbreakers have influenced IT organizations in 2015(Bakhtiari, et al., 2015). Social Engineering which is an assault propelled on individuals are refined to the point that they can enter been the most solidified framework with the end goal that any degree of system security can't forestall the assault. According to the web report of Akamai State, 4.18% of the DDoS assaults had started from Australia in 2015(James, 2016). The point of this exploration is to investigate the difficulties in digital security in Australian IT organizations and distinguish answers for conquer these difficulties with the end goal that security can be upgraded. Research Questions and Objectives To accomplish the point of this exploration, certain examination questions are required to be addressed including: What are the normal digital security challenges looked by IT organizations in Australia? How digital security challenges are overwhelmed by Management around the world? By what means can the digital security of an IT association be improved? In view of these examination questions, certain destinations of the exploration can be defined as follows: Understanding security dangers that are looked by associations in the internet Investigate digital security dangers looked by IT organizations in Australia Distinguish answers for beat recognized security challenges Survey security assurance techniques, measure and methodologies to comprehend their potential in improving security or forestalling assaults on IT frameworks. Concoct the proposals for development of digital security in IT space(Barnett-Page Thomas, 2009) Research Design and Methodology In this exploration, the security challenges looked by IT organizations in Australia would be investigated utilizing a blended research approach including a Literature Review information examination and snowball inspecting, and a necessities evaluation overview strategy in which IT administrators would be included as respondents who might be noting an examination survey. The information investigation of the auxiliary information acquired from the writing study would be utilized for making the poll for the essential overview which would accordingly, help in testing the adequacy of every arrangement recognized in the snowball examining of the past researches(Bendassolli, 2013). This area investigates the way toward inspecting, information assortment strategies, factors to be utilized in essential study, look into model, and information examination techniques that would be utilized in this exploration. Test Selection Specialist would take 30 respondents for the study dependent on accommodation and purposive quantity inspecting procedures. The example would incorporate IT Managers and Security experts from Australian IT associations. For distinguishing the difficulties that would be investigated in this exploration, a snowball examining strategy is utilized in which past writing and research contemplates are investigated to recognize security challenges and their moderation methodologies. There would be seven sorts of security assaults that would be investigated including Denial of Service, Insider Attacks, Phishing assaults, Web Application assaults, animal power assaults, social designing, and malware assaults. For every one of these assaults, the arrangements would likewise be recognized in the writing audit and would be remembered for the overview survey for testing their adequacy in upgrading security of an organization(Bhattacherjee, 2012). Information Collection Method A portion of the issues are now distinguished in past investigates and their moderation systems are additionally recognized and therefore, writing audit would initially frame the reason for information assortment on the security issues and arrangements. In light of this writing survey, a snow ball inspecting would be utilized to gather information on security concerns and arrangement methods(Bickmore, 2012). The papers that would be utilized for snowball inspecting would be distributed somewhere in the range of 2006 and 2016. This would be done to principally distinguish security issues looked by associations just as arrangements that have been attempted by different organizations over the world(Wisdom Creswell, 2013). Based on this information, the inquiries for the overview would be introduced to test if similar issues and arrangements can be applied to its instance organizations in Australia. An essential information would be gathered for additional investigation of the difficulties and alleviation methodologies utilized in IT organizations. This information would be gathered from respondents through an online study that would be posted on Survey Monkey site. On the off chance that respondents don't answer, the specialist would make calls to them to request that they fill the poll or would take the reactions and fill the survey himself(HP Enterprise, 2015). Factors The examination includes an essential information assortment and investigation for which certain factors would be made dependent on the information gathered and the inquiries posed in the survey(Bryman Bell, 2011). These factors would store information on security challenges, their effects on business, and relief methodologies. These three factors would be autonomous while there would likewise be reliant factors that would incorporate security upgrades and security levels that would be examined and estimated along the free factors to comprehend if explicit security alleviation or danger anticipation strategies were fruitful in improving security in individual organizations(Kumar Ahuja, 2014). Research Model This examination utilizes a blended research approach that includes assortment of auxiliary subjective information that would be dissected utilizing topical investigation and the essential overview information that would be broke down utilizing measurable examination strategies. The decision of blended strategies is made as this exploration needs to investigate the idea of security in IT organizations to clarify and make translations. As blended research permits investigation of the thought from alternate points of view and at various levels, a more profound comprehension of wonder can be obtained(Cameron, 2009). A blended research technique can utilize any of the exploration plan methodologies from the accompanying structures: Successive logical: In the consecutive informative research plan, first the essential information is gathered and examined and afterward auxiliary information is gathered and dissected in help. Successive Exploratory: In the consecutive exploratory research structure, first the optional information is gathered and investigated and afterward essential information is gathered and examined in help. Successive Transformative: In this technique, essential and auxiliary information are gathered and broke down independently however the aggregate outcomes are then interpreted(Wisdom Creswell, 2013). Simultaneous Triangulation: In this strategy, two techniques are utilized for cross-approval of discoveries from one another. Simultaneous Nested: In this strategy, one technique might be settled inside the other strategy for examination Simultaneous Transformative: In this sort of investigations both strategy are utilized for assessment of a hypothetical point of view. In this exploration, a successive way to deal with blended research would be utilized to such an extent that the auxiliary information on security dangers and moderation systems would initially be gathered and dissected to distinguish topics of security concerns and arrangements. These subjects would then be utilized for building up a survey for the essential information assortment and examination. This investigation would test the strategies distinguished as answers for security in the auxiliary research(DHS, 2009). Information investigation Method Information investigation would be directed in two sections. In the initial segment, the writing information would be examined utilizing snowball inspecting to recognize security dangers and moderation systems from auxiliary research papers. One the premise of the outcomes acquired in this examination, a poll would be set up for the essential research and the information got from the overview would then be investigated utilizing factual investigation on SPSS. Various factors would be investigated and read for connection to comprehend in the event that they affect different factors. Connection would be tried for understanding connection between dangers confronted and safety efforts taken, se

Career Advice Resume Help and Whats Your Resume Objective

Career Advice Resume Help and Whats Your Resume Objective If there is one area of life many people want to develop, it’s their careers.Those in favor of personal development are fewer though those pushing for career growth agree that this is important too.Still, a few others are on the fast lane towards spiritual development.You might be in any of these categories but one thing for sure, career growth is necessary. If not for any other reason, at least for the sake of improving your income levels.With life becoming increasingly expensive, you need to ensure progress in order to stay above the poverty line. This is why you will want a well-paying job.And aware of the work-life balance, you’ll want a job that you also enjoy, and makes room for personal time.This is critical for your all-round well-being.If so, how do you get that kind of job?Though there may be many ways of getting such a job, one way is quite sure. This is what we will discuss in this article.This is something that you need to do while on the job hunting process.Once you start working and you never managed to get this done, it becomes difficult to implement it. It is like trying to change the terms of a contract mid-way.What is this thing you have to do?It concerns your resume.WHAT’S A RESUME OBJECTIVE?Before you get a job, you will have to send over your resume. Your resume is what opens the door for an interview, which once passed, you get the job.There are many things which go into your resume. From contacts, previous work experience (if any), academic qualifications etc.But to set the stage for what you want in your career, there is something called resume objective.The resume objective is what will tell the hiring manager what you want in the career you are in. It points the hiring manager in the direction an interview with you would likely go.It answers some of the questions she has and also says what working with could be like.Your resume objective is a short description of what your career goals are. It also shows which skills, knowledge and abilities you possess and how they are relevant to the company you want to work for.Should you use a resume objective?You may have received conflicting advice on the use of career objectives. That is because many career experts say that this is no longer a necessity. Some say resume objectives are simply outdated.Is this true?It is important for you to understand that career matters have expertise but most of the time, much talk is based on generalities. Advice given is general in nature and when it’s specific, it may not cover all possible situations.The truth is that resume objectives have been in use for some time. And in the course of their usage, one major problem was evident. They turned out to be vague and even irrelevant.This was the reason for advocating for resume objectives not to be used. With this reason, then it’s only accurate to conclude that this opinion does not put everything into consideration.Although the majority agree and have even turned to an alterna tive referred to as resume summary statement, resume objective still have a place.That being said, they certainly shouldn’t be used in every resume you write.Doing this opens the door for potential wrong use.WHEN TO USE A RESUME OBJECTIVEIn most of the job applications you will make, you will be better off avoiding the resume objectives.They may not add much value.Moreover, their position in your resume, right at the top after your contacts, might waste very valuable space.So, when should you use resume objectives?There are at least three situations which completely warrant the use of a resume objective. These are discussed below.When Making a Huge Career ChangeWhen changing careers, a resume objective is necessary.This is because you skills and experiences most likely don’t match the position you are applying for.And this is an example of a situation which makes a hiring manager see the irrelevance of your resume.In fact, your resume may not even get to the hiring manager.In to day’s technology-driven world, online submissions of resumes don’t go directly to the interviewer. There are far too many of these documents for HR officers to go through. The solution is in using Applicant Tracking Systems (ATSs).These are computer programs which sit between you and the interviewer. They receive and analyze your resume for relevance.If your resume doesn’t pass the threshold set, it goes to the trash. Below is a video of how ATSs work. To avoid this fate, you need to write your resume in ways that will make it bypass the machine and land into the interviewer’s hand. The tips in the above video will help you do that.But for you to be called in for an interview, your resume objective has to do some work for you.Here you will list your skills and experience in the industry you have been working. You will then show how they are relevant to the new industry you want to join.Lastly, show how these skills and experiences will add value to the company you are interv iewing for.When Moving to a New LocationMoving to a new location happens a lot. But in this case, you are not being transferred to a new location. You are the one willingly moving.Your reasons for moving may be connected to your career or maybe they are just personal reasons. You might want to be closer to your family, move close to where your kids school or even just want a change of environment.From a Glassdoor analysis, many people are willing to move for the job. Source: Harvard Business ReviewReasons aside, this is another situation where the career objective comes in handy.First, your resume might be confusing going by the address indicated.Living in one state but applying for a job in a different state might mean that you applied by mistake.Also, the company might assume that you intend to travel across the states every morning and evening to and from work.Though such willingness isn’t a bad thing, the company may just decide against it. In practice, it might result in you getting to work tired.Alternatively, due to high commute expenses, you might ask for a higher salary. These are issues which the company is better off avoiding.Writing a career objective and indicating your plans to move will make it easier for the company to accommodate you.Keep in mind that your career objective isn’t necessarily about your personal decision.Therefore, adding such information needs to be done in a clever way. For example:Successful online marketer for 2 New York startups seeking to utilize 4 years of expertise and experience in Virginia.When Fresh Out of SchoolAnother situation perfect for using a resume objective is when coming straight out of college. You have no experience but are looking for a job.The company wants to employ people with work experience but you believe you can do the job too. More than that, you want to learn and gain the relevant experience.It is said that hiring managers have only 6 seconds to read your resume. In that case, you have to capture and sustain their interest immediately.Any signs of irrelevance on your resume will make it an unnecessary read. A waste of time and it will just end up being deleted.You will thus have to immediately point out the knowledge you have acquired and skills you possess.Show how these have been used in your school years and the results they produced.Lastly, you should tie that up with the value these skills and knowledge will add to the company.If you do it right, you will stand a chance to get to the interview stage.The interview will be the stage for you to pitch yourself more than your resume could do.HOW TO WRITE A GOOD RESUME OBJECTIVEYou have seen the importance a resume objective has. You have seen the situations which actually require that you write one.But how do you write a good one?Writing a great career objective is not a difficult thing to do. Some guidelines will however help you in your quest to stand out among the job candidates.There are four considerations to make. Your career objective should pass all these tests if your resume is to stand a chance in the crowd.It must be short.Very few people nowadays read long text. This has been blamed on many different things.Among them is a culture of not reading and the high levels of engagement provided by visuals.For example, marketers will tell you that text doesn’t engage leads as well as images and videos do.This means that there is a move towards pictures and videos.When you prese nt text, it becomes difficult for many to connect with you. Yet reading is also powerful, especially in the way it helps the mind develop concentration and reduce stress.But since you are writing text, make it short. Writing a concise career objective will increase the possibility of it being read to the end. Ideally, this should not be longer than 3 sentences.The three sentences should also not be long.How do you summarize your skills, knowledge and past experience into only 3 sentences?The secret lies in first writing without considering the length. Let your thoughts flow freely. This is your draft. Write down your skills and experiences then edit it afterwards.As you edit, you will easily see which words to replace. You will also be able to use words which substitute several others.It must be relevant.Making this text short is not all you have to do. Remember there might be a robot waiting to analyze your resume upon submitting it.These robots work by scanning the text for keywor ds related to the job.For example, keywords for a data analysis job might include data, analysis, insight, report, trends etc.Relevance however goes beyond the robot and has to look at the human element of the resume screening process.You definitely have several skills and abilities. If you have acquired any experience, it may or may not be directly related to the current job you’re applying for.For you to obtain relevance, you will have to think of how you can apply these skills to the job.For example, you may have been in a marketing career but now want to shift to business development. These two are somehow related though still different.The example below shows how you can adapt your skills and experience to suit the new job.Acquired 5 years of experience running lead generation campaigns and converting 75% of total leads every year. Looking to utilize skills in negotiations to grow new business at the B2B level.It must be proven.The resume objective is not a platform to do bli nd pitching. This is not where you give false promises.Everything you write in this section of your resume must be verifiable. It must be true. If you say that you have achieved some results in your current or previous job, there should be proof elsewhere in your resume.For example, don’t rush to claim how you have a degree in communication but have no indication of it in your education background.This is a problem which can easily occur when using resume templates.In an attempt to get a template from an expert, you may forget to tune it to your specific needs.Since the career objective is more of a summary pitch of yourself ensure you are honest.Otherwise you might get quickly disqualified at the interview because some things will easily come out.For example, if you indicate good communication skills but have trouble expressing yourself, you obviously lied.It must show your value.Your resume objective serves one big role: sell you to the potential new employer. That’s what it†™s all about. This means that you are supposed to show how you will add value to the company.This is what every employer is looking for. He isn’t looking for someone who will earn the least amount of money to keep costs down. He isn’t looking for someone who talks well but performs poorly.In fact, as long as you are delivering results, companies have no problem paying you more.But at this stage, you cannot prove that you are delivering since you are not yet employed. You can only prove your ability to do so upon getting employed. This calls for use of the right words and editing the text to pass the right message correctly.Do not merely provide a list of skills acquired. Instead, show what those skills can do. Show how they can make a difference.You do this by mentioning numbers. Instead of saying that you improved the performance of your team, give numbers indicating the change experienced.Bad Example of Showing ValueUsed effective communication skills to bring the team togethe r and deliver an urgent order on time.Good Example of Showing ValueIn a highly-demanding factory, utilized communication skills to convince team members to work over the weekend.COMMON MISTAKES WHEN WRITING RESUME OBJECTIVESIt is very common to see mistakes when writing career objectives. Even in following these tips, you can still make these mistakes if you are not careful.They mostly happen because of the natural way of communication. When writing these however, some changes in normal communication are needed.Here are three common mistakes you should be careful to avoid.Using Long TextWe have already said that the text should be short. We have even given a recommendation of 3 sentences. But unless you practice writing this, you may find it extremely difficult to manage this length.Follow the advice provided in the section about keeping it short. Just write then edit afterwards. Practice this until you are able to do it comfortably.Avoiding long text makes it easy for the one readi ng your resume. If she can go through it and quickly see what she is looking for, the better for you.You will have increased your chances of being considered for the interview.Using PronounsYou may have noticed that the examples given in this article do not have words such as “I,” “I am” or “me.”This is not a mistake but a deliberate effort. In writing resumes, it is advisable to avoid that language.In fact, it is one of the reasons some give for labeling resume objectives as unnecessary.You should use what is referred to as the “Absent 1st Person” perspective. This works to make your writing shorter and concise.The writing itself indicates that it is you being described. Here is an example to show the difference.Using the 1st person perspectiveIn my former employment, I ran marketing campaigns and converted over 50% of the leads generated.Using the Absent 1st person perspectiveWorked at ABC Company and converted over 50% of generated leads.Focusing on YourselfYour r esume is really about you. You are using it to introduce and market yourself to the company you hope to join.But the resume objective part of your resume should not be about you. It should be about the company with an opening.This is why we insist that you must show your value. Your value in this case is not what you necessarily think of yourself. It is more of what the hiring manager thinks about you.Just to be clear, other people’s thoughts about you are not what determine your value as a person. They can be mistaken and this happens often.But understand that the decision to hire you rests on someone else. As such, you should aim at impressing them and causing them to believe that you’re the best.In writing the objective, focus on the company. Read the job description provided carefully to determine what the company is looking to achieve.Understand the challenges they are currently facing.Then tune your skills, experiences etc to show that you have what they need.Your writing should be focused on solving the problem they have.RESUME OBJECTIVE EXAMPLESHere are some examples to get you thinking and inspired. In several places in this article, we have provided examples as we explain the points.Those are smaller parts of the whole intended to focus on what is discussed in that particular section.The below two are complete and more reflective of what your resume objective could be.Example 1:Computer Engineering graduate from MIT with a record of making a working CPU in 10 days. Acquired great knowledge in transistors and motherboard design, helpful in CPU manufacturing. Looking to leverage skills while working in a team focused on improving computer performance.Example 2:Passionate about building business relationships for an increased customer base. Worked 3 years in converting prospects to loyal customers. Looking to join a marketing consultancy firm which helps SMBs overcome marketing challenges.CONCLUSIONA great resume plays a key role in landing you that dream job.With career objectives being a smart way of spicing things up, do not be discouraged from using it.Especially if your situation is one of those mentioned as requiring a resume objective.

Effects Of Depression On The United States - 2350 Words

Introduction That unexplainable feeling that touches every emotion. The action that creates something new inside, skydiving for the first time or getting your driver’s license. Imagine all these feelings lost in time and having no happiness while your mind is surrounded by a shroud of lonesome and self-hatred. Depression affects everyone, it does not matter what race, ethnicity, and genes have been proven to not have an affect. This illness shows the biggest increase in mental disorder compared to others. 18 million people have been affected, or are still experiencing Depression, this amount is more than cancer, and almost as much as heart attacks. There is a one in ten chance of people to become depressed in the U.S. I want to help the people close to me as I notice changes in them. My friends and loved ones do not deserve this conflict, and I will not let it lead to other deeper, and worse problems. I have found many different topics in my articles, and after reading these I have chose to talk about how to help those who are sheltered by Depression. Famous writers and organizations have detailed information based on evidence and experience. By knowing this information, they have begun to set up ways to help, based on the most efficient increase in happier people. With this information I hope any reader can help the cause also. Article Selection In my research, I found many articles basically giving overviews of Depression, I use a few of them. I was really exploringShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression Effects On The United States2949 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"The Great Depression was the most severe, prolonged economic crisis in American History. It displaced thousands of families, created hardships for millions of people, shaped an entire generation, and reshaped the way Americans viewed the role of their government,† (Cravens). 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Descartes Six Meditations on First Philosophy Essay

Throughout the six meditations on First Philosophy, French philosopher Rene Descartes seeks to find a concrete foundation for the basis of science, one which he states can only include certain and unquestionable beliefs. Anything less concrete, he argues will be exposed to the external world and to opposition by philosophical sceptics. The sense of the Cartesian reform is the imposition of a new method of thinking. Descartes’ method to begin with is reductive, removing all knowledge acquired without control, to become analytical, putting forward any knowledge in a process of division to present simple elements, those which are clear and distinct. In his philosophical thinking, certain parts are dedicated to scepticism, dualism between†¦show more content†¦The Sixth meditation is the most complex, representing a genuine summary of the previous five. He feels the need to more precisely clarify and distinguish between what was a mind game, in respect to methodical doubt and what should be known as a reasonable truth, in a more geometrical view. Descartes argues the existence of material things appealing to imagination, which he placed first at a level of geometrical objects which refers to expansion. As geometry hosts the necessity and universality and it is granted by Devine perfection, results that e ven real which exists under its incidence in imagination must exist. As a result he separates understanding from imagination, stating that the human mind exists separately from the body, yet are joined to form a unit. It is important to note that Descartes does not claim to have reached a concrete and stable foundation. His claim to certainty of his ideas regarding existence and knowledge extends further past his own interpretation. I believe that for Descartes, mathematics represents the ideal knowledge needed to follow philosophy in order to produce genuine variables. Ideal knowledge of mathematics drives Descartes to find, in regards to philosophy such solid foundations as geometry has, based on its axioms. Geometry’s axioms are true because they are evident through themselves. Their truth cannot be questioned because we cannot think coherently againstShow MoreRelatedEssay about Biography f Rene Descartes864 Words   |  4 PagesRene Descartes was a brilliant man who was born on March 31st, 1596. He was born in a small town in the South of France, named La Haye. Rene Descartes lived from 1596-1650. He was the son of an intellectual councilor in Parliament, named Joachim Descartes. His mother, Jeanne Brochard, died when he was only 1 years old. Rene Descartes was 8 years old when he attended the Jesuit College of Henry VI in La Fleche. Rene studied science, grammar, mathematics and literature which led him to become a famousRead MoreEssay Rene Descartess View on God1300 Words   |  6 Pagesseventeenth century?   Well, in the seventeenth century, there was a man, named Rene Descartes, who was interested in God and wondered about His existence.   After an unforgettable night in November 10, 1619, his interest in God became stronger, and had developed many views that concerned or were about God. When he expressed his investigations of applying inductive methods of science and mathematics to philosophy by the Cogito ero sum (I think, therefore I am), he started to argue the existenceRead MorePhilosophy: Questions on Descartes Principles740 Words   |  3 PagesPHIL1500: MAJ OR ISSUES IN PHILOSOPHY BARUCH COLLEGE, CUNY, SPRING 2013 UNIT #4 QUIZ PART I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. 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In orderRead MoreResponse Paper of Meditation Four, Five, and Six774 Words   |  4 PagesBo Guo Dr. Eric Morton PHIL 2010-200 7 July 2013 Response Paper of Meditation Four, Five, and Six Descartes talked about the true and the false, and how we make mistakes in Meditation Four. Descartes believed that error as such is not something real that depends upon God, but rather is merely a defect. And thus there is no need to account for my errors by positing a faculty given to me by God for this purpose(546). He thought that the reason why we make mistakes is that the faculty ofRead MoreDescartes: Relationship Between Mind and Body922 Words   |  4 PagesIn Meditation Six entitled â€Å"Concerning the Existence of Material Things, and Real Distinction between the Mind and Body†, one important thing Descartes explores is the relationship between the mind and body. Descartes believes the mind and body are separated and they are two difference substances. He believes this to be clearly and distinctly true which is a Cartesian quality for true knowledge. I, on the other hand, disagree that the mind and body are separate and that the mind can exist withoutRead Mo reDescartes Meditations On First Philosophy1712 Words   |  7 PagesDescartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy (1641) contains six Meditations. In the first two of these Descartes addresses doubt and certainty. By the end of the second Meditation Descartes establishes the possibility of certainty by concluding that he is a â€Å"thinking thing† and that this is beyond doubt. Having established the possibility of certainty, Descartes attempts to prove the existence of God. The argument he presents in the Third Meditation for the existence of God has been nicknamed the

Feminism in India Free Essays

Feminism in India  is a set of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for Indian women. It is the pursuit of  women’s rights  within the society of  India. Like their feminist counterparts all over the world,  feminists  in India seek gender equality: the right to work for equal wages, the right to equal access to health and education, and equal political rights. We will write a custom essay sample on Feminism in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now [1]  Indian feminists also have fought against culture-specific issues within India’s  patriarchal  society, such as  inheritance laws  and the practice of widow immolation known as  Sati. The history of feminism in India can be divided into three phases: the first phase, beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, initiated when male European colonists began to speak out against the social evils of Sati;[2]  the second phase, from 1915 to Indian independence, when Gandhi incorporated women’s movements into the  Quit India movement  and independent women’s organizations began to emerge;[3]  and finally, the third phase, post-independence, which has focused on fair treatment of women in the work force and right to political parity. 3] Despite the progress made by Indian feminist movements, women living in modern India still face many issues of discrimination. India’s patriarchal culture has made the process of gaining land-ownership rights and access to education challenging. [4]  In the past two decades, there has also emerged a disturbing trend of  sex-selective abortion. [5]  To Indian feminists, these are seen as injustices worth stru ggling against. [6] As in the  West, there has been some criticism of feminist movements in India. They have especially been criticized for focusing too much on women already privileged, and neglecting the needs and representation of poorer or lower  caste  women. This has led to the creation of caste-specific feminist organizations and movements. [7] Contents  Ã‚  [hide]   * 1  Defining feminism in the Indian context * 2  History * 2. 1  First phase: 1850–1915 * 2. 2  Second Phase: 1915–1947 * 2. 3  Feminism: Post-1947 * 3  Issues * 3. 1  Birth ratio * 3. 2  Marriage * 4  Theology * 4. 1  Hindu feminism * 4.   Islamic feminism * 5  Impact * 5. 1  Employment * 5. 2  Globalization * 5. 3  Education * 5. 4  Modernization * 6  Notable Indian feminists * 7  See also * 8  References * 9  Further reading * 10  External links| ————————————————- [edit]Defining feminism in the Indian context Tribal widow and single w omen protesting in  Jawhar,  Maharashtra Women’s role in Pre-colonial social structures reveals that feminism was theorized differently in India than in the West. 8]  In India, women’s issues first began to be addressed when the state commissioned a report on the status of women to a group of feminist researchers and activists. The report recognized the fact that in India, women were oppressed under a system of structural hierarchies and injustices. During this period, Indian feminists were influenced by the Western debates being conducted about violence against women. However, due to the difference in the historical and social culture of India, the debate in favor of Indian women had to be conducted creatively and certain Western ideas had to be rejected. 9]  Women’s issues began to gain an international prominence when the decade of 1975-1985 was declared the  United Nations Decade for Women. [2] Historical circumstances and values in India have caus ed feminists to develop a  feminism  that differs from Western feminism. For example, the idea of women as â€Å"powerful† is accommodated into patriarchal culture through religion,[10]  which has retained visibility in all sections of society. This has provided women with traditional â€Å"cultural spaces. Furthermore, in the West the notion of â€Å"self† rests in competitive  individualism  where people are described as â€Å"born free yet everywhere in chains. † In India the individual is usually considered to be just one part of the larger social  collective. Survival of the individual is dependent upon  cooperation, and  self-denial  for the greater good is valued. [10] Indian women negotiate survival through an array of oppressive patriarchal family structures: age, ordinal status, relationship to men through family of origin, marriage and procreation as well as patriarchal attributes. Examples of patriarchal attributes include:  dowry, siring sons etc. ,  kinship,  caste, community, village, market and the  state. It should however be noted that several communities in India, such as the  Nairs  of Kerala,  Shettys  of Mangalore, certain  Maratha  clans, and  Bengali  families exhibit matriarchal tendencies. In these communities, the head of the family is the oldest woman rather than the oldest man. Sikh  culture is also regarded as relatively  gender-neutral. 10][11] The heterogeneity of the Indian experience reveals that there are multiple patriarchies, contributing to the existence of multiple feminisms. Hence, feminism in India is not a singular theoretical orientation; it has changed over time in relation to historical and cultural realities, levels of consciousness, perceptions and actions of individual women, and women as a group. The widely used definition is â€Å"An awareness of women’s oppression and exploitation in so ciety, at work and within the family, and conscious action by women and men to change this situation. [11]  Acknowledgingsexism  in daily life and attempting to challenge and eliminate it through  deconstructing  mutually exclusive notions of  femininity  and  masculinity  as  biologically determined  categories opens the way towards an equitable society for both men and women. [11] The male and female dichotomy of polar opposites with the former oppressing the latter at all times is refuted in the Indian context because it was men who initiated  social reform movementsagainst various  social evils. Patriarchy is just one of the hierarchies. Relational hierarchies between women within the same family are more adverse. Here women are pitted against one another. Not all women are powerless at all times. [12] There have been intense debates within the Indian women’s movements about the relationship between Western and Indian feminisms. Many Indian feminists simultaneously claim a specific â€Å"Indian† sensitivity as well as an international feminist solidarity with groups and individuals worldwide. [9][13]  The rise of liberal feminism in the West in the 1970s focused deeply on demands for equal opportunities in education and employment, as well as ending violence against women. To a large extent, the emerging feminist movement in India was influenced by Western ideals. These called for education and equal rights, but also adapted their appeals to local issues and concerns, such as dowry-related violence against women,  Sati, sex selective abortion and custodial rape. Some Indian feminists have suggested that these issues are not specifically â€Å"Indian† in nature but rather a reflection of a wider trend of patriarchal oppression of women. [9] ————————————————- [edit]History Kamini Roy  (poet and suffragette) became the first woman Honors Graduate in India in 1886. Unlike the Western feminist movement, India’s movement was initiated by men, and later joined by women. The efforts of these men included abolishing sati, which was a widow’s death by burning on her husband’s funeral pyre,[2][14]  the custom of child marriage, abolishing the disfiguring of widows, banning the marriage of upper caste  Hindu  widows, promoting women’s education, obtaining legal rights for women to own property, and requiring the law to acknowledge women’s status by granting them basic rights in matters such as adoption. 15] The 19th century was the period that saw a majority of women’s issues come under the spotlight and reforms began to be made. Much of the early reforms for Indian women were conducted by men. However, by the late 19th century they were joined in their efforts by their wives, sisters, daughters, protegees and other individuals directly affected by campaigns such as those carried out for women’s ed ucation. By the late 20th century, women gained greater autonomy through the formation of independent women’s own organizations. By the late thirties and forties a new narrative began to be constructed regarding â€Å"women’s activism†. This was newly researched and expanded with the vision to create ‘logical’ and organic links between feminism and Marxism, as well as with anti-communalism and anti-casteism, etc. The Constitution of India did guarantee ‘equality between the sexes,’ which created a relative lull in women’s movements until the 1970s. [3] During the formative years of women’s rights movements, the difference between the sexes was more or less taken for granted in that their roles, functions, aims and desires were different. As a result, they were not only to be reared differently but treated differently also. Over the course of time, this difference itself became a major reason for initiating women’s movements. Early 19th century reformers argued that the difference between men and women was no reason for the subjection of women in society. However, later reformers were of the opinion that indeed it was this particular difference that subjugated women to their roles in society, for example, as mothers. Therefore, there was a need for the proper care of women’s rights. With the formation of women’s organizations and their own participation in campaigns, their roles as mothers was again stressed but in a different light: this time the argument was for women’s rights to speech, education and emancipation. However, the image of women with the mother as a symbol underwent changes over time – from an emphasis on family to the creation of an archetypal mother figure, evoking deep, often  atavistic  images. [3] [edit]First phase: 1850–1915 The colonial venture into  modernity  brought concepts of  democracy,  equality  and individual  rights. The rise of the concept of  nationalism  and introspection of discriminatory practices brought about social reform movements related to caste and gender relations. This first phase of feminism in India was initiated by men to uproot the  social evils  of  sati  (widow immolation),[16]  to allow widow remarriage, to forbid child marriage, and to reduce illiteracy, as well as to regulate the age of consent and to ensure property rights through legal intervention. In addition to this, some upper caste Hindu women rejected constraints they faced under Brahminical traditions. 3]  However, efforts for improving the status of women in Indian society were somewhat thwarted by the late nineteenth century, as nationalist movements emerged in India. These movements resisted ‘colonial interventions in gender relations’ particularly in the areas of family relations. In the mid to late nineteenth century, there was a national form of resistance to any colonial efforts made to ‘modernize’ the Hindu family. This included the Age of Consent controversy that erupted after the government tried to raise the age of marriage for women. 2][17] [edit]Second Phase: 1915–1947 Women’s procession during Quit India Movement in 1942 During this period the struggle against colonial rule intensified. Nationalism became the pre-eminent cause. Claiming Indian superiority became the tool of cultural revivalism resulting in an essentializing model of Indian womanhood similar to that of  Victorian  womanhood: special yet separated from public space. Gandhi  legitimized and expanded Indian women’s public activities by initiating them into the non-violent  civil disobedience  movement against theBritish Raj. He exalted their feminine roles of caring, self-abnegation, sacrifice and tolerance; and carved a niche for those in the public arena. Women-only organizations like  All India Women’s Conference  (AIWC) and the  National Federation of Indian Women  (NFIW) emerged. Women were grappling with issues relating to the scope of women’s political participation,  women’s franchise, communal awards, and leadership roles in  political parties. [3] The 1920s was a new era for Indian women and is defined as ‘feminism’ that was responsible for the creation of localized women’s associations. These associations emphasized women’s education issues, developed livelihood strategies for working class women, and also organized national level women’s associations such as the All India Women’s Conference. AIWC was closely affiliated with the Indian National Congress. Under the leadership of  Mahatma Gandhi, it worked within the nationalist and anti-colonialist freedom movements. This made the mass mobilization of women an integral part of Indian nationalism. Women therefore were a very important part of various nationalist and anti-colonial efforts, including the civil disobedience movements in the 1970s. 3] After independence, the All India Women’s Conference continued to operate and in 1954 the Indian Communist Party formed its own women’s wing known as the National Federation of Indian Women. However, feminist agendas and movements became less active right after India’s 1947 independence, as the nationalist agendas on nation buildin g took precedence over feminist issues. [18] Women’s participation in the struggle for freedom developed their critical consciousness about their role and rights in  independent India. This resulted in the introduction of the franchise and civic rights of women in the Indian constitution. There was provision for women’s upliftment through  affirmative action, maternal health and child care provision (creches), equal pay for equal work etc. The state adopted a patronizing role towards women. For example, India’s constitution states that women are a â€Å"weaker section† of the population, and therefore need assistance to function as equals. [15]  Thus women in India did not have to struggle for basic rights as did women in the West. The utopia ended soon when the social and cultural ideologies and structures failed to honor the newly acquired concepts of fundamental rights and democracy. 3] [edit]Feminism: Post-1947 Post independence feminists began to redefine the extent to which women were allowed to engage in the workforce. Prior to independence, most feminists accepted the sexual divide within the labor force. However, feminists in the 1970s challenged the inequalities that had been established and fought to reverse them. These inequalities included unequal wages for women, relegation of women to ‘unskilled’ spheres of work, and restricting women as a reserve army for labor. In other words, the feminists’ aim was to abolish the free service of women who were essentially being used as cheap capital. [3]  Feminist class-consciousness also came into focus in the 1970s, with feminists recognizing the inequalities not just between men and women but also within power structures such as caste, tribe, language, religion, region, class etc. This also posed as a challenge for feminists while shaping their overreaching campaigns as there had to be a focus within efforts to ensure that fulfilling the demands of one group would not create further inequalities for another. Now, in the early twenty-first century, the focus of the Indian feminist movement has gone beyond treating women as useful members of society and a right to parity, but also having the power to decide the course of their personal lives and the right of self-determination. [3] ————————————————- [edit]Issues Despite â€Å"on-paper† advancements, many problems still remain which inhibit women from fully taking advantage of new rights and opportunities in India. There are many traditions and customs that have been an important part of Indian culture for hundreds of years. Religious laws and expectations, or â€Å"personal laws† enumerated by each specific religion, often conflict with the Indian Constitution, eliminating rights and powers women should legally have. Despite these crossovers in legality, the Indian government does not interfere with religion and the personal laws they hold. [19]  Religions, like Hinduism, call for women to be faithful servants to God and their husbands. They have a term called  pativrata  that describes a wife who has accepted service and devotion to her husband and her family as her ultimate religion and duty. Indian society is largely composed of hierarchical systems within families and communities. These  hierarchies  can be broken down into age, sex, ordinal position, kinship relationships (within families), and caste, lineage, wealth, occupations, and relationship to ruling power (within the community). When hierarchies emerge within the family based on social convention and economic need, girls in poorer families suffer twice the impact of vulnerability and stability. From birth, girls are automatically entitled to less; from playtime, to food, to education, girls can expect to always be entitled to less than their brothers. Girls also have less access to their family’s income and assets, which is exacerbated among poor, rural Indian families. From the start, it is understood that females will be burdened with strenuous work and exhausting responsibilities for the rest of their lives, always with little to no compensation or recognition. [20] India is also a  patriarchal  society, which, by definition, describes cultures in which males as fathers or husbands are assumed to be in charge and the official heads of households. A  patrilinealsystem governs the society, where descent and inheritance are traced through the male line and men are generally in control of the distribution of family resources. [12] These traditions and ways of Indian life have been in effect for so long that this type of lifestyle is what women have become accustomed to and expect. Indian women often do not take full advantage of their constitutional rights because they are not properly aware or informed of them. Women also tend to have poor utilization of voting rights because they possess low levels of political awareness and sense of political efficacy. Women are not often encouraged to become informed about issues. Due to this, political parties do not invest much time in female candidates because there is a perception that they are a â€Å"wasted investment. â€Å"[15] The female-to-male ratio in India is 933 to 1000, showing that there are numerically fewer women in the country than men. This is due to several factors, including  infanticides, most commonly among female infants, and the poor care of female infants and childbearing women. Although outlawed, infanticides are still highly popular in rural India, and are continuing to become even more prominent. This is due to the fact, most especially in rural areas, that families cannot afford female children because of the  dowry  they must pay when their daughter gets married. Like infanticide, the payment of dowry is also  illegal, but is still a frequent and prevalent occurrence in rural India. [21]  Women are considered to be â€Å"worthless† by their husbands if they are not â€Å"able† to produce a male child, and can often face much abuse if this is the case. [22] [edit]Birth ratio Between the years of 1991 to 2001, the female-male ratio of the population of India fell from 94. 5 girls per 100 boys to 92. girls per 100 boys. [5]  Some parts of the country, such as  Kerala, did not experience such a decline, but in the richer Indian states of  Punjab,  Haryana,  Gujarat, and  Maharashtra, the female-male ratio fell very sharply (the female-male ratios in these states were between 79. 3 and 87. 8). [5]  This is evidence of natality inequality, and an indication that  sex-selective abortion  has become more pervasive. The Indian parliament has banned the use of sex determination techniques for fetuses due to this, but enforcement of this law has been largely ignored. [23] [edit]Marriage Most of the average Indian woman’s life is spent in marriage; many women are still married before the legal age of 18, and the incidence of non-marriage is low in India. Childbearing and raising children are the priorities of early adulthood for Indian women. Thus, if they enter the workforce at all, it is far later than Indian men. Urban Indian men reach the peak of their labor force participation between the ages of 25 and 29, while urban Indian women do so between the ages of 40 and 44. [4]  Because of this, women have less time for the acquisition of skills and fewer opportunities for job improvements. There is a poor representation of women in the Indian workforce. Females have a ten percent higher drop-out rate than males from middle and primary schools, as well as lower levels of literacy than men. Since unemployment is also high in India, it is easy for employers to manipulate the law, especially when it comes to women, because it is part of Indian culture for women not to argue with men. Additionally, labor unions are insensitive to women’s needs. Women also have to settle for jobs that comply with their obligations as wives, mothers, and homemakers. [4][21] ————————————————- edit]Theology [edit]Hindu feminism In the  Hindu  religion, there has been partial success in terms of gender equality reform laws and family law. While this is a major advancement relative to other religions in India, it is still not a complete triumph in terms of feminism and reliev ing oppression. [19]  Gandhi  came up with the term  stree shakti  (women power) for the concept of womanhood. In the Hindu religion, Gods are not exclusively male. Hinduism sheds a positive light on femininity; females are considered to compliment and complete their male counterparts. It is important to note that the deities of both knowledge and wealth are female. [15] There has been some criticism from  Dalit  groups that Indian feminism tends to represent â€Å"upper caste† and upper class Hindu women, while ignoring and marginalizing the interests of Dalit women. Debates on caste and gender oppression have been furthered by  Other Backward Class  (OBC) members of different political parties, arguing in state assemblies that â€Å"lower caste† women’s interests are best represented by women from these castes. 7]  Working towards this end, women within Dalit castes have formed organizations such as the All India Dalit Women’s Forum and the National Federation of Dalit Women and Dalit Solidarity, which focus on the gendered implications of caste based violence and oppression, such as the ways in which Dalit women suffer from urban poverty and displacement. [7] [edit]Islamic feminism The Hindu and Muslim communities in India w ere treated differently by the government in that separate types of concessions were made for each community in order to accommodate their separate religious laws and regulations. The case of  Shah Bano  begun in 1985 was one such example of  Rajiv Gandhi  attempting to make â€Å"concessions† for the Muslim community to in turn secure support for the Congress. Shah Bano, a 73-year-old Muslim woman, was divorced by her husband after forty-three years of marriage. According to the Sharia or Muslim Law, her husband was not required to pay her alimony. Shah Bano challenged this decision in the Supreme Court, which ultimately ruled in her favor and ordered her husband to pay her a monthly maintenance allowance. This caused chaos amongst the Muslim clerics who denounced the judgement and suggested that their religion, Islam was under attack in the country. In a fear of losing overall Muslim support, Rajiv succumbed to the pressures of the Muslim community and his own party and backed the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Bill that overruled the Supreme Court’s decision. This caused an outcry from Hindu nationalists who found the appeasement of minorities by the Congress for political purposes wrong and opportunistic. 24] Feminism was challenged by various minority groups for not entirely addressing the needs of minority populations. It was suggested that ‘mainstream’ feminism was upper caste and Hindu in its orientation and did not address the concerns of minority women. This led to the formation of the Awaaz-e-Niswaan (The Voice of Women) in 1987 in Mumbai in largely Muslim part of the city. The Muslim community has been subjected to personal laws that often were considered harmful to the rights of Muslim women. [25] ————————————————- [edit]Impact Western-educated Indians introduced  equality  in the early nineteenth century. However, the term did not gain meaning or become an operational principle in Indian life until the country gained independence in 1947 and adopted a democratic government. [15]  The  Indian Constitution  then granted equality, freedom from discrimination based on gender or religion, and guaranteed religious freedoms. [19]  Also, seven  five-year plans  were developed to provide health, education, employment, and welfare to women. The sixth five-year plan even declared women â€Å"partners in development. [15] [edit]Employment In general in the uneducated and rural section of the Indian society, which forms a major percentage of the total population, women are seen as economic burdens. Their contributions to productivity are mostly invisible as their familial and domestic contributions are unfairly overlooked. Indian women were contributing nearly 36 percent of total employment in agricult ure and related activities, nearly 19 percent in the service sector, and nearly 12. 5 in the industry sector as of the year 2000. The unfortunate reality is that the high illiteracy rate among women confines them to lower paying, unskilled jobs with less job security than men. Even in agricultural jobs where the work of men and women are highly similar, women are still more likely to be paid less for the same amount and type of work as men. [26]  However in the urban section of Indian society, women are empowered with laws such as IPC 498a which are heavily biased against the men in the society. Educated women are sometimes accused of using such laws to unleash legal terrorism on husbands by disgruntled wives. 24] [edit]Globalization Feminists are also concerned about the impact of globalization on women in India. Some feminists argue that globalization has led to economic changes that have raised more social and economical challenges for women, particularly for working class and lower caste women. Multinational companies in India have been seen to exploit the labor of ‘young, underpaid and disadvantage d women’ in free trade zones and sweat shops, and use â€Å"Young lower middle class, educated women,† in call centers. These women have few effective labor rights, or rights to collective action. [27][28] In addition to this, multinational corporations are seen to advertise a homogenous image of ideal women across the country is argued to cause an increase in the commodification of women’s bodies. This is also manifested in the form of nationalist pride exhibited through Indian women winning international beauty pageants. According to some feminists, such developments have offered women greater sexual autonomy and more control over their bodies. However, many other feminists feel that such commodification of female bodies has only served the purpose of feeding to male fantasies. [27] [edit]Education Girls in Kalleda Rural School,  Andhra Pradesh. Some of the main reasons that girls are less likely to reach optimal levels of education include the fact that girls are needed to assist their mothers at home, have been raised to believe that a life of domestic work is their destined occupation, have illiterate mothers who cannot educate their children, have an economic dependency on men, and are sometimes subject to child-marriage. 26] In 1986, the  National Policy on Education  (NPE) was created in India, and the government launched the program called  Mahila Samakhya, whose focus was on the empowerment of women. The program’s goal is to create a learning environment for women to realize their potential, learn to demand information and find the knowledge to take charge of their own lives. In certain areas of India , progress is being made and an increase in the enrollment of girls in schools and as teachers has begun to increase. By 2001 literacy for women had exceeded 50% of the overall female population, though these statistics were still very low compared to world standards and even male literacy within India. [29]  Efforts are still being made to improve the level of education that females receive to match that of male students. [26] [edit]Modernization Modern influences are affecting the younger generations in parts of India, where girls are beginning to forgo the more traditional ways of Indian life and break gender stereotypes. In more flourishing parts of the country, the idea of â€Å"dating,† or more specifically  openly  dating, has come into play, and the terms â€Å"girlfriend† and â€Å"boyfriend† are being used. Some women have landed highly respectable careers, and can be seen across  Bollywood  billboards and advertisements. However, this is not the norm throughout the country; such modernizations and the women behind them face serious resistance from anti-liberalists. The country is still severely male-dominant and unwelcoming to such movements that go against sex and gender traditions in India. Hasselrlis, Kaj. â€Å"Making a Statement. †Ã‚  Herizons  23. 2 (2009): 33-35. How to cite Feminism in India, Essay examples

Student Preferences Regarding Fast Food free essay sample

Executive Summary We were interested to find out student preferences regarding fast food. We have conducted a survey at a well-known college in the Klang Valley to find out students preferences regarding fast food. The survey was conducted for about 1 week. 50 respondents were randomly selected and interviewed with 24 female and 26 male A related literature review showed that most of the younger respondents prefer Domino’s for home orders followed by others fast food outlet in India 2007. Their preference to visit a particular fast food outlet is influenced by friends in 93 percent followed by other factors. The survey revealed that consumers predominantly were between below 20 and more than 26 years of age. It’s about 26 people 20 to 22 years of age, 20 people below 20 years of age, 3 people 23 to 25 years of age and 1 people only more than 26 years of age. In the research, 100 percent who the student involves in the fast food it mean 50 respondents have eaten fast food. We will write a custom essay sample on Student Preferences Regarding Fast Food or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We have 5 choices fast food and the result is 64 percent choose McDonalds over others fast food outlet, 28 percent KFC, 4 percent Wendy’s, 2 percent Burger King, and 2 percent Carl’s Jr. It show different people have different preferences regarding fast food. The analysis of the findings revealed that Majority respondents have chosen McDonald’s and KFC as their preferences fast food outlet. Most of the respondents have rate good for the quality of foods of their preferences fast food outlets. Some of the respondents’ rate a poor for the service and the price of the food of their preferences fast food outlet. They normally go fast food outlet with their friends to build their relationship. McDonald’s and KFC should give more promotions such as discounts or free vouchers to students who are in the Klang Valley since the majority of respondents like to visit the fast food outlets. The fast food outlets should produce more products that have higher nutritional value. The fast food outlets should also launch or produce set value meals that are worthy and attractive. The staff at the fast food outlets should give the best service to the customers, for example, they should provide prompt service and always be polite. Introduction This introductory section includes the background of the problem, statement of the problem, purposes of the study, and scope of the study. Background We were interested to find out student preferences regarding fast food. We have conducted a survey at a well-known college in the Klang Valley to find out the above. Statement of the Problem The focus of this study was to determine (1) student preferences regarding fast food, and (2) the recommendations on ways to improve the services. Purposes of the Study The purposes of this study were as follows: ? To determine the students preferences regarding fast food. To determine how often does the students visit to their favourite fast food outlet. ? To help the fast food outlet improve their services by relevant recommendation providing. Scope The scope of this study included analyses of student preferences regarding fast food. The study was limited to a college in the Klang Valley. Related Literature The literature on studies of studentsâ⠂¬â„¢ preference regarding fast food is extensive. While this broad expanse of research was generally helpful, one recent studies of consumer were found to be especially valuable for this study. A study entitles consumer perception about fast food in India: an exploratory study which was conducted by Anita Goyal and N. P. Singh in 2007. The study consisted of 200 Indian youth from New Delhi in the age group of 20 to 27. It was found that the consumer preferences regarding fast food mostly are McDonalds. Most of the younger respondents prefer Domino’s for home orders followed by others fast food outlet. Their preference to visit a particular fast food outlet is influenced by friends in 93 percent followed by other factors. In their study, most of the respondents visit to McDonald’s it is because the service and hygiene is the best compare with other fast food outlet. However, some of the respondents visit to Nirula’s it is because there have variety of foods. The respondents of the study were majority in 21-25 years age category. Procedures A survey was conducted by giving out questionnaires to a convenience sample. The procedures followed included: 1. A questionnaire was developed to find out students preference regarding fast food. 2. The researchers handed out questionnaire to students at the college. 3. The survey was conducted for a week. 4. The data were tabulated using Microsoft Office. 5. The results were analyzed and this report prepared. Findings These findings are presented using the study objectives as a framework. Gender As shown in Figure 1, 54 percent of the respondents are male and 46 percent of the respondents are female. [pic] Age Based on the analysis of data, it was found that the most of the students were in 20 to 22 years age category which is 25 respondents in this category. 0 respondents were in below 20 years age category, with 3 respondents 23 to 25 and 1 respondents 26 and above. (See figure 2). [pic] Consumption of Fast Food Base on the feedback from students of the collage, we found that and as indicated in Figure 3, 100 percent which mean 50 respondents have eaten fast food. [pic] Fast Food Outlet Preference As indicated in Figure 4, 64 percent of the respondents usually choose McDonald s over others fast food outlet, 28 percent of the respondents choose KFC, 4 percent Wendy’s, 2 percent Burger King, and 2 percent Carl’s Jr. It shown different people have different preference for choosing their fast food. [pic] The number of visits/week Figure 5 shows that the number of visits in a week to a fast food outlet of respondents. Majority the respondents visit to their preferences fast food outlet 1 to 2 times in a week which have 41 respondents. Thus 7 respondents visit 3 to 4 times in a week to a fast food outlet. 2 respondents visit 5 to 6 times in a week to their preference fast food outlet. [pic] Companion of fast food restaurant As shown in Figure 6, 86 percent of the respondents usually go to a fast food outlet with their friend. percent of the respondents have chosen others, and 6 percent of the respondents go with their siblings. Which means most of the respondent will go to the fast food outlet with their friend for chatting build their relationship. [pic] Rating of the Fast Food outlet As indicated in Figure 7, the respondents have rate the fast food outlet of their preferences regarding quality of food, decoration, seating space, service, variety of food, and price of the food. 29 respondents rate good of the quality of food regarding their preference fast food outlet. However in the category of decoration and seating space majority of the respondents have rate for average, which 22 voted average for decoration and 25 voted for seating space. Thus the service and the variety of foods at their preference fast food outlet, majority of the respondents were vote for good, 25 respondents were voted for the service and 27 respondents were voted for variety of foods. The prices of the food of the fast food outlet, 22 respondents were rate the average category. Figure 7. Rating of the fast food outlet [pic] Analysis In the Klang Valley area, the respondents of this study majority are below 20 and 20 – 22. They almost have chosen McDonald’s or KFC as their preferences fast food outlet; mostly they think the quality of food, decoration, seating space, and variety of food of the fast food outlet that they have chosen is important and the rating is in good category. The analysis of Goyal and Singh’s 92. 8 percent respondents were in 21-25 years age category, and their study found that McDonald’s is the most favoured fast food outlet followed by Pizza Hut, Nirula’s and Domino’s. According to their study, most of the younger consumers prefer Domino’s for home orders followed by Pizza Hut, Nirula’s and McDonald’s. In our study found that most respondents visit to fast food outlet with their friends. However in Goyal and Singh’s study, it said that the consumers’ preference to visit a particular fast food outlet is influenced by friends in 93 percent followed by relatives and other factors. In Goyal and Singh’s study, the young Indian consumer has passion for visiting fast food outlets for fun and change but home food is their first choice, because homemade foods have highest nutritional value than fast food outlets’ food. In our study, majority customers visit to their preferences ast food outlet 1 to 2 times a week. Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions 1. Majority respondents have chosen McDonald’s and KFC as their preferences fast food outlet. 2. Most of the respondents have rate good for the quality of foods of their preferences fast food outlets. 3. Some of the respondents’ rate poor for the service and the price of the food of their prefere nces fast food outlet. 4. They normally go fast food outlet with their friends to build their relationship. 5. The respondents will normally visit the fast food outlet 1 to 2 times per week. Recommendations 1. McDonald’s and KFC should give more promotions such as discounts or free vouchers to students who are in the Klang Valley since the majority of respondents like to visit the fast food outlets. 2. The fast food outlets should produce more products that have higher nutritional value. 3. The fast food outlets should also launch or produce set value meals that are worthy and attractive. 4. The staff at the fast food outlets should give the best service to the customers, for example, they should provide prompt service and always be polite.